Hayley

Hayley Benifical and Harmful Effects on Micro orginisms media type="custom" key="11232194"

Animals and their Adaptations

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[|What am I Science] Cells, Tissues, Organs and Systems = 1. Explain the relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems . = The relationship between these parts of the body is that alike cells in the body join all together to form tissues. One by one the tissues then become organs and a number of organs together form a system. They are like one big family.


 * 2. State with examples that organs are a group of tissues that coordinate to do a specific job **


 * Lungs- ** bring oxygen into our body and releases carbon dioxide.
 * Mouth-t ** he mouth chews up the food and makes it easier to digest
 * Liver- ** to produce substances that break down fats and convert glucose to glycogen
 * Heart- ** pump the blood around your body
 * Small Intestine- ** Digestion of fats, proteins and carbohydrates contained in the foods you consume, is completed within the small intestine


 * 3. ****Identify a variety of organ systems in animals and recall that they are made up of different organs with a special purpose working together. **

4. Recall the word equation for cellular respiration. Glucose+ Oxygen= Energy+ Carbon Dioxide +Water
 * **System of the Body ** ||  **Organs in the Body **  ||  **Job or function **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Musculo-skeletal || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Muscle, bones || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Support and move the body ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Digestive || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">stomach, liver, intestine, pancreas || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Digest and absorb feed ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Circulatory || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">heart, blood vessels || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Carries substances around the body, help it stay alive ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Respiratory || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">muzzle, windpipe, lungs || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Breathing ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Urinary || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">kidneys, bladder || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Get rid of poisons and waste ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Nervous || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">brain, nerves spinal cord || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Pass messages around the body, control the body ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Sensory || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">eyes, ears, nose skin || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Sense and detect things outside the body ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Lympho-reticular || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">lymph nodes, spleen || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">Protect against infectious diseases, produce blood ||

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Diagram: Can not upload yet

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">6. Air enters when the diaphragm is lowered due to the movement of muscles. The lower pressure in the chest cavity causes air from the outside causes air from the outside to rush into the lungs

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">7. Describe the process that occurs inside an alveolus **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">When air goes into the alveolus, there is an exchange of gases between the alveolus and the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveolus. Oxygen moves by diffusion from the alveolus into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries into the alveolus to be breathed out through the nose


 * <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">8. **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Arteries: carry blood under high pressure away from your heart

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Veins: They prevent the blood from flowing backwards. They carry blood to the heart

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Capillaries: they carry materials such as oxygen and nutrients to the cells and remove wastes such as carbon dioxideHeart: Muscular organ that pumps blood around the body through the circulatory system

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Blood: carries food and oxygen to cells, it carries waste away from cells, and serves as a carrier for various disease-fighting cells such as the "white" blood cells. It clots, sealing up small holes quickly. Blood is also important in maintaining a constant temperature in your body.


 * 1) **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">Make a terminology list using the words that you learnt from the 2 quia activities **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">Endocrine: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">secretes hormones that control bodily
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">Lymphatic: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif';">contains nodes that may inflame and indicate the presence of infection
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">Integumentary: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif';">first line of defence against infection and maintains body temperature


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif';">Respritory System 28/07/11 **


 * The function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body
 * The respiratory system includes the mouth, nose, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm
 * Air enters when the diaphragm is lowered due to the movement of muscles. The lower pressure in the chest cavity causes air from the outside to rush into the lungs
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">When air goes into the alveolus, there is an exchange of gases between the alveolus and the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveolus.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">Oxygen moves by diffusion from the alveolus into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries into the alveolus to be breathed out through the nose
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: 115%;">The equation is <span style="font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">Glucose+ Oxygen= Energy+ Carbon Dioxide +Water

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 * <span style="font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">Circulatory System 03/08/11 **

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**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Outline the function of the following nutrients in keeping the body healthy: carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils. ** Carbohydrates are used for energy Proteins repair worn out tissue Fats insulation 12. The function of the digestive system is to break down the food we eat into smaller parts so the body can use them to build and nourish cells and provide energy. The digestive system is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. Inside this tube is a lining called the mucosa. In the mouth, stomach, and small intestine, the mucosa contains tiny glands that produce juices to help digest food. The liver and the pancreas, produce digestive juices that reach the intestine through small tubes. The nerves and blood vessels also play a major role in the digestive system.
 * Digestive System**

13. T <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">he 3 main functions of the skeletal system are support, protection of internal organs, providing something for the muscles to hold on to, to store nutrients and to produce blood marrow

//**Functions of the Uninary System**//
 * Give examples of life saving technology that have arisen as a result of improved understanding of the circulatory system 8/08/11**
 * Powerpoint Uploaded to MYOLMC**
 * Excretory System**

Kidney: 2 kidneys constantly filter blood to produce urine Ureters: 2 ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Bladder: The urinary bladder stores urine until it is released from the body. Urethra: is the tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body //**The function of excretory system**// is to remove the metabolic wastes of an organism. Wastes that are removed include carbon dioxide, water, salt and urea.


 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Anus ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the opening at the end of the digestive system from which faeces exit the body. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Appendix ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a small sac located near the start of the large intestine. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Oesophagus ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Gall bladder ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum. It stores and releases bile (a digestive chemical which is produced in the liver) into the small intestine. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Large intestine ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the long, wide tube that food goes through after it goes through the small intestine. It contains a good bacteria which removes nutrients and water from waste. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Liver ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a large organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile (which breaks down fats) and some blood proteins. It also stores nutrients ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mouth ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body. Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process (breaking down the food) ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Pancreas ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A gland located below the stomach and above the intestines that produces enzyme. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the small intestine. It makes chemicals need to break down food and it also makes insulin. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Rectum ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the lower part of the large intestine, where faeces are stored before they are excreted from the body ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Small intestine ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">the long, thin winding tube that food goes through after it leaves the stomach. Nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream here. ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Stomach ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the oesophagus. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in an acid bath. It contains digestive juices to break down ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Teeth ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Chop and grind ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Tongue ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">mixes the food with the saliva ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Duodenum ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">first part of the small intestine where food is broken down further by digestive juices and enzymes ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Salivary Glands ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">make saliva ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Enzyme ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">chemical that breaks down food ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Gland ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A factory ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Insulin ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">helps cells use sugar ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Digestive juices ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Acids and enzymes in the stomach that break down food ||
 * **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Bile ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">yellow-green fluid that breaks down fat ||