Nicole

Nicole

1. Explain the relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems. The relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems is a cell is a single unit of organism. When many cells form together tissues are formed. After a lot of tissues come together organs are formed and when organs work with other parts of our body a system is formed.

2. State with examples that organs are a group of tissues that coordinate to do a specific job. Organs are a group of tissues that coordinate to do a specific job are: Kidneys - The kidney cleans out blood and waste products that your body doesn't need. Lungs - The lungs help you brethe in good air and release all the bad air when you brethe out. Liver - The liver helps clean your blood as it goes through your body. Heart - The heart circulates blood through the body and acts like a pump filling chmabers with blood. It then pumps blood into your veins. Uterus - The uterus breaks down a babies food is you are pregnant and also holds the baby.

Make a terminology list using the words that you learnt from the 2 quia activities.

Skeletal Lymphatic Integumentary Cardiovascular Endocrine

Notes on the respiratory system Notes on the circulatory system
 * The main thing about the respiratory system is that it needs a consistant supply of oxygen and needs to get rid of waste in order to funnction properly
 * The organs of the respiratory system are: Larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchus, heart, ribs, diaphragm, air sac (alveolus), brinchiole and the intercostal muscle
 * Air enters the lungs when the diaphragm is lowered due to the movement of muscles. The lower pressure in the chest cavity causes air from the outside to rush into the lungs.
 * When air goes into the alveolus, there is an exchange of gases between the alveolus and the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveolus. Oxygen moves by diffusion from the alveolus into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries into the alveolus to be breathed out by the nose.

Arteries - Arteries are blood vessels that have thick elastic, muscular walls that carry blood under high pressure away from your heart. Veins - Another type od blood vessel is called a vein. A vein has a thinner wall and valves that prevent the blood from flowing backwards. Veins carry blood from the rest of the body to the heart. Capillaries - Capillaries are very important blood vessels because they carry materials such as oxygen and nutrients to the cells and remove wastes including carbon dioxide. Heart - The heart is a strong muscular organ that acts as a pump for the circulatory system. Blood - Has many different functions. Look at question 10 for more information To carry nutrients such as glucose To carry wastes such as carbon dioxide To carry oxygen around your body To fight disease To clot when there is a cut so the cut is sealed Function of the red blood cells (RBCs) The tiny biconcave RBCs contain haemoglobin that attaches oxygen To be carried around your body. Function of the white blood cells (WBCs) The larger WBCs fight diseases by engulfing germs. Some WBCs produce antibodies that attack germs. Functions of blood plasma Plasma in a straw-coloured liquid which mostly consists of water, nutrients such as glucose and waste products such as carbon dioxide are carried around the body in the plasma. Functions of platelets Platelets help clot the blood when a blood vessel is cut.
 * 1) Describe the function of the main components of blood (plasma, red and white blood cells and platelets).



Notes on cellular respiration
 * Cellular respiration is a process that captures the chemical energy from foods in the form of ATP (//adenosine triphosphate)//
 * The word equation for cellular respiration is: Glucose + oxygen to energy + carbon dioxide + water
 * We all need energy to function and all our energy comes from food. The efficient way for cells to harvest energy stored in food is through cellular respiration.

Questions: Digestive system Notes on the digestive system
 * 1) Identify 3 life saving technologies associated with the circulatory system. Write a short note on each of these. Cut and paste an image that will help you to remember these 3 technologies.
 * 2)  Artificial heart valves - An artificial heart is basically a heart to replace the biological heart due to disease. An artificial heart functions like a normal heart and can be lasted for about 17 months.
 * 1) ECG - An electrocardiogram (ECG), is a machine that shows if a persons heart beats normally or if it isn't. It can show if a human has arrhythmia (heart beats irregularly).
 * 1)  Artificial blood - Artificial blood is used by patients because blood is a tissue which carries red blood cells, white blood cells and nutrients. People need red blood cells as it carries oxygen and white blood cells as they fight infections.
 * Mouth - Where the food enters your body
 * Oesophagus - A muscular tube that delivers the food from the mouth to the stomach
 * Liver - To get rid of toxins in your body
 * Stomach - Mix foods with acids to break it down
 * Pancrease - An organ that produces and or stores chemicals
 * Gallbladder - It circulates urine
 * Small intestines - Where most digestion and absorption of food takes place
 * Large intestines - Where all unneeded food passes through and straight to the anus
 * Appendix - To store and protect the good bacteria that aids in the digestion of food
 * Rectum - To keep the large intestines sealed until needed to pass waste through
 * Anus - To dispose of feces and other waste out of your body

Function of nutrients to keep your body healthy
 * Carbohydrates - To suply energy to the body
 * Proteins - You need them for your body to grow and to replace warn out tissue
 * Fats and oils - Forms a layer of insulation. It’s an important component of the cell membrane

The excretory system
 * The function of the excretory system is to remove the metabloic wastes of an organism. Wastes that are removed inlcude carbon dioxide, water, salt and urea. These waste products are removed from the blood.
 * The parts of the excretory system are: kidneys (2), urinary bladder, ureters (2), urethra
 * The 2 kidneys constantly filter blood to produce urine
 * The urinary bladder stores urine until it is released from the body
 * The 2 ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
 * The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

The 3 main functions of the skeletal system
 * Support - the bones in your body support the shape of your body because if you didn't have bones your body would be like jelly and your body wouldn't have shape.
 * Protection of internal organs - the bones protect your internal organs for example: your ribs protect your lungs, heart etc. The bones don't just protect the organs but also protect soft tiussue.
 * Providing anchor points for muscles - your bones provide an anchor for your muscles to hang onto or they would just flop and wouldn't be joined together.

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