Yasmine

=Ecology= media type="custom" key="11381606" width="170" height="170"

==

**WORD EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS** Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy



**Biotic Factors** media type="custom" key="11381516" width="210" height="210"

**Abiotic Factors** **Ecosystems**

**Autotrophs & Heterotrophs**

**More Ecology Definitions**

=Definitions for Ecology - 17/11/11= media type="custom" key="11341248" width="190" height="190"

=Microorganisms - 11/11/11= media type="custom" key="11264508" width="190" height="190"

=Adaptations - 7/11/2011= media type="custom" key="11201248" width="190" height="190" =Inspiration Food Web= = Terminology =

**Respiratory -** S erving for or functioning in respiration **Endocrine -** System resembling an endocrine gland or-secretion **Digestive -** System allowing the human body to digest/break down food **Lymphatic -** Containing a lymph in the human body **Muscular -** Providing of movement in the human body **Nervous -** Allowing different parts of the human body to communicate with each other **Cardiovascular -** Performed to cause a temporary increase in heart rate **Integumentary -** The protective layer lining the human body defending infections **Reproductive -** System allowing species to reproduce **Urinary -** System in the human body allowing waste to be disposed/eliminated of **Skeletal -** System enabling the body to move

= More Terminology =

__ Cells __
**Red Blood Cell** - Cells that carry oxygen around the body **White Blood Cell** – Cells that help the body fight infection **Prokaryotic Cells** – Cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus **Eukaryotic** – Cells that contain complex structures enclosed within membranes

__ Tissues __
**Epithelial tissue** – Tissue that covers the body forming the lining for the majority of internal cavities **Connective tissue** – Most abundant tissue performing a variety of functions such as support and protection **Muscle Tissue** – Voluntary type of muscle tissue used in the contraction of skeletal parts. The three types of muscle tissue include, cardiac, smooth and skeletal. **Nerve Tissue** – Tissue composed o f specialized cells which receives stimuli and conducts impulses to and from different parts of the body.

__ Organs __
** Heart - ** The organ of the body which pumps blood around; also, the most important part of a person or thing; the deepest and truest expression of a person's being ** Intestines - ** Tubes through which food passes after it is broken down in the stomach; part of the intestines also remove solid wastes from the body ** Kidney - ** Cleans liquid wastes from the body ** Liver - ** Makes some proteins and enzymes; removes poisons from the blood ** Lung - ** Takes in and expels air from the body ** Stomach - ** down food for the body to use

__ Systems __
The Circulatory System is in charge for transporting materials such as nutrients, water and oxygen throughout the human body to cells and carries away found wastes such as carbon dioxide produces from the cells
 * PICTURE NOT FOUND**

The digestive system allows the human body to digest food by breaking it down. The system is made from a long tube known as the alimentary canal or digestive tract.
 * PICTURE NOT FOUND**

The excretory system is a system responsible for removing excess and unnecessary wastes from the human body.

The immune system defends the human body against germs and diseases by killing infectious bacteria.

The main job of the muscular system is to provide movement for the human body consisting of three main muscles; cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscles.

The nervous system is in charge of allowing different parts of the human body to communicate with other parts reacting to changes both inside and outside the body.

The respiratory system is a system containing organs and tissues which gives the human body the ability to breathe. The main participants in the system are the airways and lungs.

The skeletal system is the system in which keeps the human body in shape protecting the body's organs, in particular, the heart, brains and lungs. The skeletal system enables the human body to move, therefore, this system is highly vital

Websites used: > >
 * []
 * []
 * http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hlw/hlw_respsys.html
 * http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/circulatorysys.html
 * http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Nervous_system
 * http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/circulatorysys.html
 * http://www.msnucleus.org/membership/html/k-6/lc/humanbio/4/lchb4_3a.html
 * http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/ske1.htm
 * http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/immune.html
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excretory_system
 * http://dictionary.reference.com/

= Summaries =

**1. Explain the relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems** The relationship between cells, tissues, organs and systems is generally like a chain reaction or pattern. Similar cells join together to form tissues which then form organs. Eventually, organs come together to work on important jobs, carrying out specific life functions. A group of organs working together form an organ system which helps the human body function.

**2. State, with examples that organs are a group of tissues that coordinate to do a specific job** Organs are a group of tissues that coordinate to do specific jobs. When organs are brought together, they form an organ system which allows the human body to function. Tissues assist in the making of organs which in turn are able to create organ systems. For example, the heart is made up of muscle tissues such as cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue. From there, the heart along with blood vessels are able to form the circulatory system. The circulatory system then coordinates its own specific job of circulating nutrients around the human body. There are also many other organs which work together to form other organ systems such as the digestive system which helps the human body process food, the nervous system which allows parts of the body to communicate with others and the immune system which defends the human body from diseases.

ENERGY FROM FOOD - 25/7/11 What I have learnt from this experiment:
 * The amount of energy in the different foods affected the amount of heat which was let off. Therefore, the higher the amount of energy, the higher the amount of temperature change
 * The potential energy contained inside the different foods was released to create temperature change in the water
 * Foods with a larger surface area will most likely contain a higher amount of energy then those with a small surface area therefore, more energy would be released

**THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM !**



<span style="color: #7140d4; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 21px;">**THE ALVEOLUS!!** - 25/7/11

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**Explain how air enters and exits the lungs.**
 * **When you breathe in...**
 * Your diaphragm contracts allowing it to move down so that your lungs have more room to expand as they fill with air
 * Your rib muscles lift the ribs up and outward giving the lungs more room
 * **When you inhale everything occurs in a reverse order**
 * Your diaphragm relaxes and moves up, pushing the air out of the lungs
 * Your rib muscles become relaxed, and your ribs move back in limiting the space once again

**The Circulatory System** **(State the function of each of the following components of the circulatory system: arteries, veins, capillaries, heart, blood)**

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**Describe the function of the main components of blood** RED BLOOD CELLS The tiny biconcave red blood cells contain haemoglobin that attaches oxygen to be caried around the body

WHITE BLOOD CELLS The larger white blood cells fight diseases by engulfing germs. Some white blood cells produce antibodies that attack germs

BLOOD PLASMA Plasma is a straw-coloured liquid which mostly consists of water nutrients such as glucose and waste products such as carbon dioxide

PLATELETS Platelets help to clot blood when a blood vessel is cut

** Identify 3 life saving technologies associated with the circulatory system. Write a short note on each of these. - 3/8/11 **
 * Artificial Heart || ** <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">A mechanical device that can be made of titanium and plastic
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">A small electronic device is implanted in the abdominal wall to monitor and control the pumping speed of the heart
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">An external battery is strapped around the waist and can supply about 4-5 hours of power
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">An internal rechargeable battery is also implanted inside the wearer's abdomen. This is so they can be disconnected from the main battery for about 30-40 minutes for activities such as showing ||
 * Artificial Valves || ** <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">Surgery is required to replace faulty heart valves with artificial valves
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">The patient may also need to take medicine to prevent their blood from forming clots as it flows through the artificial valve ||
 * ECG || ** <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">ECG stands for electrocardiogram
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">This is a device that shows the electrical activity of a person's heart
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">ECG patterns are valuable in diagnosing heart disease or abnormalities
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">To produce the ECG, electrodes are stuck to the skin
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">The machines measures the tiny electrical impulses produced by the heart as it beats ||
 * Artificial Blood || ** <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">The perfect artificial blood is yet to be made
 * <span style="direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0px; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: middle;">Long shelf life, does not need to be refrigerated, does not need to match the blood type and is infection free ||

**Life saving technology - 7/8/11**

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**The Digestive System - 8/8/11** media type="custom" key="10151017" width="208" height="208"



**The Excretory System - 9/8/11**

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**Recall the word equation for cellular respiration** **Oxygen + Gluecose = Carbon + Water + Energy**


 * Nutrients **
 * **Food Group** || **Source** || **Function** ||
 * Carbohydrates || Pasta, Potatoes, Bread || Gives you energy ||
 * Proteins || Eggs, Fish, Bread || Helps your body grow and replenish water and tissue ||
 * Fats and Oils || Butter || Warms your body and forms part of the cell membrane ||

**The Skeletal System** media type="custom" key="10244609" width="250" height="250"

**The Urinary System**

KIDNEYS 2 kidneys constantly filter blood to produce urine

URETERS 2 ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

BLADDER The urinary bladder stores urine until it is released from the body

URETHRA The tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body