Rebecca

**the relationship between cells, organs and tissues !** Systems are made of two or more organ, such digestive system, which is made of stomach, intestine, mouth, organs, like stomach , kidney or skin are made of more than one tissue, and tissues are made of the cells, such as connective tissue
 * rebecca marie rose jones saab ! **


 * The excretory system: **
 * Definition: ** The excretory system is a biological system that removes excess, unnecessary or dangerous materials from an organism, to help maintain the body within the organism and prevent damage to the body.
 * Parts of the excretory system: **
 * Bladder
 * Kidneys
 * Aorta
 * Ureters
 * Rectum
 * Urethra


 * Parts and functions of the excretory system: **
 * Bladder - Storage place for waste.
 * Kidneys - Blood filterer and fluid regulator
 * Aorta - Starts on the left side of the heart and then sends blood to main parts of the body. Including the kidneys.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Ureters - The tube which sends urine to the bladder from the kidneys.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Rectum- Solid waste leaves the body through the rectum.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">urethra - is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.



<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The digestive system consists primarily of the:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The digestive system: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Definition: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the digestive system is the system that makes food absorbable into the body, it also produces energy for your body.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Parts of the digestive system: **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Mouth
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Oesophagus
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Small intestine
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Stomach
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Rectum
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Anus
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Pancreas
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Liver
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Gall balder
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Colon


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Parts and functions of the digestive system: **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Mouth **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract; and, in fact, digestion starts here when taking the first bite of food. Chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily digested, while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down into a form your body can absorb and use.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Oesophagus **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Located in your throat near your trachea, the oesophagus receives food from your mouth when you swallow. By means of a series of muscular contractions called peristalsis, the oesophagus delivers food to your stomach.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Stomach **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The stomach is a hollow organ, or "container," that holds food while it is being mixed with enzymes that continue the process of breaking down food into a usable form. When the contents of the stomach are sufficiently processed, they are released into the small intestine.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Small intestine **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Made up of three segments — the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum — the small intestine is a long muscular tube that breaks down food using enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Pancreas **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The pancreas makes insulin, secreting it directly into the bloodstream. Insulin is the chief hormone for metabolizing sugar.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Liver **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The liver has multiple functions, but its main function within the digestive system is to process the nutrients absorbed from the small intestine. Bile from the liver secreted into the small intestine also plays an important role in digesting fat. In addition, the liver is the body’s chemical "factory."
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Gallbladder **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile, and then releases it into the duodenum to help absorb and digest fats.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Colon (large intestine) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The colon long muscular tube that connects the small intestine to the rectum.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Rectum **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The rectum's job to receive from the colon, to let the person know that there is stool to be evacuated, and to hold the stool until evacuation happens.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Anus **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The anus lets you know whether the contents are liquid, gas, or solid. The anus is surrounded by sphincter muscles that are important in allowing control of stool.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Digestive System Terminology and Functions **


 * **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Term ** || **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Function ** ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">teeth || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">chop and grind ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">saliva || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">changes starch to sugar, adds liquid to the food ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">tongue || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">mixes the food with the saliva ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Oesophagus || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">food tube, pushes food down from the mouth to the stomach ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">stomach || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">blends, churns, mixes food, digestive juices enter here to break food down ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">duodenum || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">first part of the small intestine where food is broken down further by digestive juices and enzymes ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">small intestine || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream here ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">large intestine || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">bacteria remove nutrients from waste, water is removed from waste ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">rectum || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">stores solid waste ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">salivary glands || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">make saliva ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">gall bladder || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">stores bile and sends it to the small intestine ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">liver || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">makes bile, stores nutrients that the body does not need right away ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">pancreas || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">makes chemicals needed to break down food, makes insulin ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">enzyme || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">chemical that breaks down food ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">gland || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Factory ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">insulin || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">helps cells use sugar ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">digestive juices || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">acids and enzymes in the stomach that break down food ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">bile || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">yellow-green fluid that breaks down fat ||




 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The respiratory system: **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Definition: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the system for taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide; in terrestrial animals this is accomplished by breathing.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Parts of the respiratory system: **
 * <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none;">Trachea
 * <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none;">Lungs
 * <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none;">Diaphragm
 * <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none;">Bronchi
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Parts of the respiratory system and their functions: **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The trachea – **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> The trachea filters the air we breathe and branches into the bronchi.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The bronchi – **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> the bronchi are two air tubes that branch off of the trachea and carry air directly into the lungs.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The Diaphragm **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> - the diaphragm is when the breathing starts with a dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs called the diaphragm. When you breathe in, the diaphragm contracts. When it contracts it flattens out and pulls downward. This movement enlarges the space that the lungs are in. This larger space pulls air into the lungs. When you breathe out, the diaphragm expands reducing the amount of space for the lungs and forcing air out. The diaphragm is the main muscle used in breathing.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The Lungs **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> - The lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system. In the lungs oxygen is taken into the body and carbon dioxide is breathed out. The red blood cells are responsible for picking up the oxygen in the lungs and carrying the oxygen to all the body cells that need it.

**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The circulatory system: ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Definition: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The system that circulates blood and lymph through the body


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Systems of the Human Body **
 * **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Term ** || **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Functions and Examples ** ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">respiratory || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">takes in oxygen & removes carbon dioxide & water ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">respiratory || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">trachea, bronchioles, lungs, mouth ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">endocrine || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">secretes hormones that control bodily functions ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">endocrine || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thymus gland, thyroid gland, ovary, testes ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">digestive || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">aided by accessory organs such as the liver, gall bladder, pancreas and salivary gland ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">digestive || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Oesophagus, stomach, intestines ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">digestive || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">Breaks down foodstuffs & absorbs them into the circulatory system ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">lymphatic || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">contains nodes that may inflame and indicate the presence of infection ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">lymphatic || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">nodes, tonsils, spleen ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">muscular || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">maintains the body's heat & posture ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">nervous || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">coordinates body actions & monitors the environment ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">nervous || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">brain, nerves ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">cardiovascular || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">transports nutrients, gases & chemical wastes ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">cardiovascular || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">heart, blood vessels ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">integumentary || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">skin, hair & nails ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">integumentary || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">first line which defines against infection; maintains body temperature ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">reproductive || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">produce offspring to maintain the species ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">reproductive || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">uterus, fallopian tubes, testes, vas deferens ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">lymphatic || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">drains fluid from around cells to eliminate swelling ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">urinary || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">ureters, urethra, bladder ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">urinary || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">removes liquid waste from the body ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">muscular || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">moves bones & protects organs ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">skeletal || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">cartilage, bones, joints ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">skeletal || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">provides support & protection ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Parts of the circulatory system: **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the heart
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the blood
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">platelets
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The blood vessels
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">plasma
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">artery
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">vein
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">capillary


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">P ****<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">arts of the circulatory system and there functions: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">The Heart – **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;"> the heart is an amazing organ. The heart beats about 3 BILLION times during an average lifetime. It is a muscle about the size of your fist. The heart is located in the center of your chest slightly to the left. It's job is to pump your blood and keep the blood moving throughout your body.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The Blood **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> **-** The blood is an amazing substance that is constantly flowing through our bodies.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Your blood is pumped by your heart.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Your blood travels through thousands of miles of blood vessels right within your own body.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Your blood carries nutrients, water, oxygen and waste products to and from your body cells.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">A young person has about a gallon of blood. An adult has about 5 quarts.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Your blood is not just a red liquid but rather is made up of liquids, solids and small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Platelets - **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> The platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding. When we cut ourselves we have broken a blood vessel and the blood leaks out. In order to plug up the holes where the blood is leaking from the platelets start to stick to the opening of the damaged blood vessels.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Plasma **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';"> **-**The plasma is the liquid part of the blood. Approximately half of your blood is made of plasma. The plasma carries the blood cells and other components throughout the body. Plasma is made in the liver.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Capillaries - **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the capillaries are the site where oxygen and other nutrients in the blood are actually delivered to the tissues of the body. Capillaries are so small that these substances actually pass right through them via a process known as diffusion.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Veins – **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the veins <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">job is to return blood to the heart. Veins have thinner walls and have one way valves in them.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Arteries – **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">the arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.




 * Food Group || Source || Function ||
 * Carbohydrates || Potatoes || carbohydrates provide the body with energy ||
 * Proteins || Eggs || Avoids getting diseases ||
 * Fats and Oils || Butter || Keeps you warm ||

<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">**MY BLOG !** <span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">This year in science has been great i have learnt many new things and enjoyed learning with Mrs Peres. This year we studied Earth Studies, Forces, Experimental Design, All Systems Go, Chemistry and ecology we are still learning about. My favourite thing that i liked to study was All Systems Go. In this topic we looked at the different systems in out body such as the Circulatory System, the Respiratory System, the Digestive System, The Excretory System, the Nervous System and the Skeletal System. i enjoyed making videos, PowerPoint’s and Glogs as they were different and exciting, i also liked how the class got to see our work just by going on wiki spaces, even though i had troubles working most of the websites, i got through it and in the end they helped me understand the organ system better.